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Evaluation of naked barley landraces from mountainous region of Nepal for yellow rust resistance.

Naked barley (Hordeum vulgare var. nudum L.), is an important winter crop grown in the mountain region of Nepal. Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. hordei), is the most destructive fungal disease of barley in the hills of Nepal with losses up to 100 %, occurring in cooler regions with higher altitude (1000-2500 m). Yield components along with final rust severity (FRS), area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and average coefficient of infection (ACI) were evaluated for 20 indigenous barley accessions collected from mountainous region of Nepal at National Agriculture Genetic Resource Centre (Genebank), Khumaltar, Nepal during winter season of 2016-2017 with three replications. Barley cultivars displayed a range of severity from 0% to 100% with immune to susceptible reaction. AUDPC values were significantly different among the tested genotypes. Barley genotypes with accession number NGRC00837 (ACI-3), NGRC02357 (ACI-7), NGRC06026 (ACI-9) and NGRC02306 (ACI-12) were found resistant with lowest diseases progress while NGRC02350 (ACI-60), NGRC06036 (ACI-80), NGRC02312 (ACI-86), NGRC04003 (ACI-83) and NGRC02318 (ACI-93) were found as highly susceptible landraces. Correlation coefficients of agronomical parameters such as grains per spike and 1000-kernels weight with epidemiological parameters such as AUDPC and ACI were found highly significant. Resistant genotypes with low values for disease progress as well as diseases reaction were identified. The results indicate that source of resistance to yellow rust in naked barley genotypes are available in Nepal and can be used for resistant breeding in future.

Karkee

Nepal Agricultural Research Council, National Agriculture Genetic Resources Centre, Khumaltar, Lalitpur

Keywords:

landrace

Co-authors:

Baidhya Nath,Mahto, Mina Nath, Paudel, Dhruba Bahadur, Thapa, Krishnahari, Ghimire, Bal Krishna, Joshi, Suraj, Baidya, Prem Bahadur, Magar, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Poster or Plenary?:

Poster

BGRI Year:

2018

Primary Author First Name:

Ajaya

Genetic variability of drought sdaptive traits in nepalese wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major cereal crops vital for global food supply. Most of the wheat crop in developing world including that of Nepal is either grown with limited irrigation or under rainfed conditions and thus face moisture stress at one or more growth stages limiting grain yield. An experiment was carried out at the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Rampur to evaluate the genetic variability of selected drought adaptive traits in Nepalese wheat germplasm. The wheat genotypes evaluated comprised of Nepalese landraces and commercial cultivars, CIMMYT (International Center for Maize and Wheat Improvement) derived advanced introduction lines and three checks with differential drought adaptability. The wheat genotypes were grown in pots (single plant) arranged in a replicated split plot design in greenhouse under two contrasting moisture regimes, optimum and moisture stressed. The genotypes were evaluated for water use, water use efficiency, relative leaf water content and biomass production. The ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) revealed significant variation between environments and among the wheat genotypes for most of the traits studied. A wide range of variability was observed for water use, water use efficiency, biomass yield and relative leaf water content in moisture stressed and non-stressed environments. Nepalese cultivar Gautam showed a number of favorable drought adaptive traits, whereas, Bhrikuti was average in this respect. Based on the scores of drought adaptive traits recently released Cultivar (cv). Vijay was characterized as drought sensitive. A number of landraces and advanced breeding lines showed high level of water use efficiency and other positive traits for drought adaptation.

Pokharel

Department of Agriculture, Sunsari, Nepal

Keywords:

landrace

Poster or Plenary?:

Poster

BGRI Year:

2018

geographic_area:

Nepal

Primary Author First Name:

Dipendra

Displayed onsite?:

Genetic analysis of stripe rust resistance in a common wheat landrace AWCC275

Improvement of stripe rust resistance is one of the main aims of wheat breeding programs worldwide. Progress is dependent on the availability of genetically diverse and widely effective sources of resistance. This study focuses on genetic analysis of stripe rust resistance in landrace accession AWCC275 from the Watkins Collection. AWCC275 was scored resistant to moderately resistant under field conditions during three crop seasons and showed an intermediate seedling response (infection type 2C). AWCC275 was crossed with the susceptible genotype Avocet S and a population of 76 F3 families was generated. Twenty seedlings of each family were tested at the seedling stage with Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici pathotype 134 E16A+,Yr17+,Yr27+ under greenhouse conditions. Sixteen lines were homozygous resistant (HR), 43 segregated and 17 were homozygous susceptible (HS). Chi-squared analysis (?21:2:1 =1.34, non-significant at P=0.05 and 2 df) indicated segregation at a single locus. HR and HS lines were submitted for selective genotyping using the 90K SNP platform. The population is currently being advanced to F6 for detailed molecular mapping and the resistance gene is being backcrossed to three Australian wheat cultivars.

Wells

The University of Sydney Plant Breeding Institute Cobbitty, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Australia

Keywords:

stripe rust

landrace

genetics

Primary Author Email:

vanessa.wells@sydney.edu.au