Responses of some Turkish winter durum wheat genotypes in preliminary yield trials to stem, leaf and stripe rusts

Durum wheat is second important crop after bread wheat and it was grown as spring and winter type in Turkey. Rusts are the most important diseases limiting durum wheat production in Turkey. The aim of the study was determining of the resistance of the 232 Turkish winter durum wheat genotypes in preliminary yield trials developed by the Central Research Institute for Field Crops (CRIFC) to rusts.  For this purpose, adult plant and seedling test were conducted for yellow rust while only seedling test were conducted for leaf and stem rust. Evaluations were carried out at the research facilities of CRIFC at İkizce and Yenimahalle in Ankara in the 2014 season. For adult plant reactions; the genotypes were inoculated with local Pst populations (virulent on Yr2,6,7,8,9,25,27,Sd,Su,Avs). Stripe rust development on each entry were scored using the modified Cobb scale when the susceptible check cv. Little Club had reached 80S infection severity in June, 2014. Coefficients of infections were calculated and values below 20 were considered to be resistant. For seedling test; the seedling was inoculated with local Pgt (avirulent on Sr24, Sr26, Sr27, and Sr31), Pt (avirulent on Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, and Lr28) and Pst populations. Stripe, leaf and stem rust development on each entry were scored after 14 days with 0-4 and 0-9 scale for leaf-stem rust and yellow rust, respectively. In seedling stage, 141(65%), 41(18%), and 114 (49%) genotypes were resistant to local Pgt, Pt, and Pst populations, respectively. In adult plant test, 21 (9%) genotypes were resistant to Pst.  The resistance genotypes to stem, leaf, and stripe rust were determined with this research.